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Jacint Rigau-Ros i Serra (; 18 July 1659 – 29 December 1743), known in French as Hyacinthe Rigaud (), was a French baroque painter most famous for his portraits of Louis XIV and other members of the French nobility. Born in the province of Roussillon, Jacint Rigau, whose name was Frenchified to Hyacinthe Rigaud, is considered one of the most celebrated French portrait painters of the classical period.

According to Jacques Thuillier, professor at the Collège de France: "Hyacinthe Rigaud was one of those French painters who, under the Ancien Régime, achieved the highest fame as portraitists. This admiration was deserved both for the abundance of his output and for its constant perfection." Rigaud owes his fame to the loyalty of the Bourbon dynasty, whose likenesses he painted across four generations.

He drew most of his clientele from the wealthiest circles, among the bourgeoisie, financiers, nobles, industrialists, and ministers. His body of work provides an almost complete gallery of portraits of the leaders of the Kingdom of France between 1680 and 1740. A smaller part of his production, however, consists of more modest sitters: relatives, friends, artists, or ordinary merchants.

Inseparable from his famous 1701 Portrait of Louis XIV in Coronation Robes, Rigaud associated with all the great ambassadors of his century and several European monarchs. The exact number of paintings by the artist remains disputed, since his catalogue is extensive, but specialists agree that he painted more than a thousand different sitters.